Mineralocorticoid receptors in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and related disorders: From basic studies to clinical disease.

Mineralocorticoid receptors in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and related disorders: From basic studies to clinical disease. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2021 Jan 13;: Authors: Jia G, Lockette W, Sowers JR Abstract Aldosterone is a steroid hormone that regulates blood pressure and cardiovascular function by acting on renal and vascular mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) to promote sodium retention and modulate endothelial function. Indeed, MRs are expressed in endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, adipocytes, immune cells, skeletal muscle cells, and cardiomyocytes. Excessive aldosterone and associated MR activation impair insulin secretion, insulin metabolic signaling to promote development of diabetes and the related cardiometabolic syndrome. These adverse effects of aldosterone are mediated, in part, via increased inflammation, oxidative stress, dyslipidemia and ectopic fat deposition. Therefore, inhibition of MR activation may have a beneficial effect in prevention of impaired insulin metabolic signaling, type 2 diabetes and cardiometabolic disorders. This review highlights findings from the recent surge in research regarding MR related cardiometabolic disorders as well as our contemporary understanding of the detrimental effects of excess MR activation on insulin metabolic signaling. PMID: 33438511 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - Category: Physiology Authors: Tags: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol Source Type: research