Update in carcinoid heart disease - the heart of the matter

AbstractCarcinoid heart disease (CHD) is a paraneoplastic cardiac manifestation occurring in patients with carcinoid syndrome (CS) and advanced neuroendocrine malignancy. In about 20 –40% of patients with CS, chronic exposure to tumor-released circulating vasoactive peptides typically results in right-sided valvular fibrosis leading to valve dysfunction and right heart failure. CHD remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. The management of patients with CHD is c omplex, as both the systemic malignant disease and the heart involvement have to be addressed. Early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention in selected patients are of utmost importance and offer a survival benefit. In patients with advanced carcinoid heart disease, valve replacement surgery is the most effective option to alleviate cardiac symptoms and contribute to survival outcomes. A collaboration of a multidisciplinary team in centers with experience is required to provide optimal patient management. Here, we review the current literature regarding CHD presentation, pathophysiology, d iagnostic tools, and available treatment strategies.
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research