Activity of Ligustrum robustum (Roxb.) Blume extract against the biofilm formation and exopolysaccharide synthesis of Streptococcus mutans

AbstractLigustrum robustum (Roxb.) Blume is utilized as a traditional Chinese herbal tea with various health benefits and protective effects.Streptococcus mutans is an important cariogenic oral bacteria species. The present study aimed to assess the influence ofLigustrum. robustum extract (LRE) on the biofilm formation ofS.mutans and the mechanism of its action, as well as to identify its chemical components. For chemical identification, HPLC ‐MS and NMR were applied and four identified phytochemicals were reported (Ligurobustoside B, Ligurobustoside N, Ligurobustoside J and Ligurobustoside C). The dose‐dependent (0.5 to 2.0 μg/μL) antimicrobial toxicity of LRE againstS. mutans biofilm formation and exopolysaccharide (EPS) synthesis were evaluated by Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), Crystal violet stain and CFU counting. The microstructure ofS. mutans biofilm treated with LRE was investigated both on glass coverslips andex vivo bovine dental enamel by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, LRE downregulated the expression ofS. mutans glucosyltransferase ‐encoding genesgtfB,gtfC andgtfD, and the quorum sensing (QS) factorscomD andcomE, suggesting its toxic mechanism. In addition, the result of CCK ‐8 test on human oral cells revealed an acceptable biocompatibility of LRE. These findings indicated the possible application of this daily consumed herbal tea for caries prevention.
Source: Molecular Oral Microbiology - Category: Microbiology Authors: Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research