Examination of Xylene Exposure in the U.S. Population Through Biomonitoring: NHANES 2005-2006, 2011-2016.

Examination of Xylene Exposure in the U.S. Population Through Biomonitoring: NHANES 2005-2006, 2011-2016. Biomarkers. 2020 Dec 07;:1-31 Authors: De Jesús VR, Milan DF, Yoo YM, Zhang L, Zhu W, Bhandari D, Murnane KS, Blount BC Abstract Xylenes are aromatic hydrocarbons used for industrial applications such as the production of petrochemicals and plastics. Acute xylene exposures can negatively impact health through neurotoxicity and irritation of respiratory and dermal tissues. We quantified urinary biomarkers of xylene exposure [2-methylhippuric acid (2MHA) and a mixture of 3- and 4-methylhippuric acids (34MH)] in a representative sample of the U.S. population. Spot urine obtained during the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006 and 2011-2016 was analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Exclusive smokers were distinguished from non-users using a combination of self-report and serum cotinine data. The median 2MHA and 34MH levels were higher for exclusive smokers (100 µg/g and 748 µg/g creatinine, respectively) than for non-users (27.4 µg/g and 168 µg/g creatinine, respectively). Participants who smoked cigarettes had significantly higher 2MHA and 34MH levels (p < 0.0001) than unexposed participants. Smoking 1-10, 11-20, and >20 cigarettes per day (CPD) was significantly associated with 181%, 339% and 393% higher 2MHA levels, respectively. For 34MH, smoking...
Source: Biomarkers - Category: Research Tags: Biomarkers Source Type: research