Intrarenal Venous Flow: A Distinct Cardio-Renal Phenotype or Simply a Marker of Venous Congestion?

Over the past few decades, the pathophysiologic concept of heart failure has changed dramatically owing to an improved understanding of the condition as a systemic clinical syndrome characterized by the involvement of multiple organ systems, such as those involving the kidneys, lungs, liver, intestine, and brain, which leads to a multiorgan neurohormonal response and the activation of systemic inflammation.1 “Congestion,” whether hemodynamic or clinical in nature, is considered as a hallmark feature of heart failure, and accumulating evidence has revealed the pathophysiological effect of congestion during the disease progression of heart failure.

Source: Journal of Cardiac Failure - December 7, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Takeshi Kitai, W.H. Wilson Tang Tags: Editorial Source Type: research