Intake of dietary fats and  fatty acids and the incidence of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective observational studies

by Manuela Neuenschwander, Janett Barbaresko, Claudia R. Pischke, Nadine Iser, Julia Beckhaus, Lukas Schwingshackl, Sabrina Schlesinger BackgroundThe role of fat quantity and quality in type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevention is controversial. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the associations between intake of dietary fat and fatty acids and T2D, and to evaluate the certainty of evidence. Methods and findingsWe systematically searched PubMed and Web of Science through 28 October 2019 for prospective observational studies in adults on the associations between intake of dietary fat and fatty acids and T2D incidence. The systematic literature search and data extraction were conducted independently by 2 researchers. We conducted linear and nonlinear random effects dose –response meta-analyses, calculated summary relative risks (SRRs) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), and assessed the certainty of evidence. In total, 15,070 publications were identified in the literature search after the removal of duplicates. Out of the 180 articles scr eened in full text, 23 studies (19 cohorts) met our inclusion criteria, with 11 studies (6 cohorts) conducted in the US, 7 studies (7 cohorts) in Europe, 4 studies (5 cohorts) in Asia, and 1 study (1 cohort) in Australia. We mainly observed no or weak linear associations between dietary fats and fat ty acids and T2D incidence. In nonlinear dose–response meta-analyses, the protective associa...
Source: PLoS Medicine - Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Source Type: research