Anterior cervical osteophytes causing dysphagia: Choice of the approach and surgical problems

Conclusion: The transoral approach is the best surgical route to resect C1 and C2 ACOs, whereas the endoscopic endonasal approach is not indicated. The anterior transcervical approach is easier to resect osteophytes at C3, as well as those located below C3. A combined transoral and anterior cervical approach may be necessary for multilevel osteophytes.
Source: Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spine - Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Source Type: research