Monitoring immunomodulation in patients with sepsis.

MONITORING IMMUNOMODULATION IN PATIENTS WITH SEPSIS. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2020 Nov 12;: Authors: Kyriazopoulou E, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ Abstract Introduction This review aims to summarize current progress of the last ten years in the development of biomarkers used for classifying the immune response of the septic host and for monitoring the efficacy of the applied adjunctive immunotherapy. Areas covered An extensive search of the literature was performed. In this review the authors discuss available biomarkers of host immune response in sepsis towards two directions; immunosuppression and hyperinflammation. Ferritin, sCD163, sIL-2ra and IL-18 may help in the diagnosis of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) complicating sepsis whereas lymphopenia, decreased HLA-DR expression on monocytes, overexpression of Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1)/Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and IL-10 are indicators of sepsis-induced immunosuppression. Novel approaches in the classification of immune state in sepsis include Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSC) and specific endotypes, defined by gene expression and molecular techniques. Expert Opinion HLA-DR and ferritin are the most commonly used biomarkers to monitor immunomodulation in clinical practice whereas developing specific sepsis endotypes is the future target. New immunotherapy trials in sepsis need to incorporate biomarkers for a personalized treatment. PMID: 33183116 [...
Source: Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics - Category: Laboratory Medicine Tags: Expert Rev Mol Diagn Source Type: research