Cytokine regulated Th17 plasticity in human health and diseases.

Cytokine regulated Th17 plasticity in human health and diseases. Immunology. 2020 Oct 16;: Authors: Cerboni S, Gehrmann U, Preite S, Mitra S Abstract Upon activation, naïve CD4+ T-helper (Th) cells differentiate into distinct Th effector cell lineages depending on the local cytokine environment. However, these polarized Th cells can also adapt their function and phenotype depending on the changing cytokine environment, demonstrating functional plasticity. Here, Th17 cells, which play a critical role in host protection from extracellular pathogens and in autoimmune disorders, are of particular interest. While being able to shift phenotype within their lineage, Th17 cells can also acquire characteristics of Th1, Th2, T follicular helper (Tfh) or regulatory T cells. Th17 cell identity is determined by a spectrum of extracellular signals, including cytokines, which are critical orchestrators of cellular immune responses. Cytokine induce changes in epigenetic, transcriptional, translational and metabolomic parameters. How these signals are integrated to determine Th17 plasticity is not well defined, yet this is a crucial point of investigation as it represents a potential target to treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The goal of this review is to discuss how cytokines regulate intracellular networks, focusing on the regulation of lineage-specific transcription factors, chromatin remodeling and metabolism, to control human Th17 ce...
Source: Immunology - Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Tags: Immunology Source Type: research