Dipeptidyl ‐peptidases: Key enzymes producing entry forms of extracellular proteins in asaccharolytic periodontopathic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis

We present here an overview of dipeptide production byP. gingivalis mediated by dipeptidyl ‐peptidases (DPPs), e.g., DPP4, DPP5, DPP7, and DPP11, serine exopeptidases localized in periplasm, which release dipeptides from the N‐terminus of polypeptides. Additionally, two other exopeptidases, acylpeptidyl‐oligopeptidase (AOP) and prolyl tripeptidyl‐peptidase A (PTP‐A), which liber ate N‐terminal acylated di‐/tri‐peptides and tripeptides with Pro at the third position, respectively, provide polypeptides in an acceptable form for DPPs. Hence, a large fraction of dipeptides is produced from nutritional polypeptides by DPPs with differential specificities in combination wit h AOP and PTP‐A. The resultant dipeptides are then incorporated across the inner membrane mainlyvia a proton ‐dependent oligopeptide transporter (POT), a member of the major facilitator superfamily. Recent studies also indicate that DPP4 and DPP7 directly link between periodontal and systemic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and coagulation abnormality, respectively. Therefore, these dipeptide‐ producing and incorporation molecules are considered to be potent targets for prevention and treatment of periodontal and related systemic diseases.
Source: Molecular Oral Microbiology - Category: Microbiology Authors: Tags: INVITED REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research