Targeting microglial polarization to improve TBI outcomes.

Targeting microglial polarization to improve TBI outcomes. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2020 Sep 18;: Authors: Nathalie M, Polineni Sp, Chin Cn, Fawcett D, Clervius H, Liz Maria QS, Legnay F, Rego L, Mahavadi Ak, Jermakowicz Wj, Lee Sw-T, Yokobori S, Gajavelli S Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is still the worldwide leading cause of mortality and morbidity in young adults. Improved safety measures and advances in critical care have improved chances of surviving a TBI, however, numerous secondary mechanisms contribute to the injury in the weeks and months that follow TBI. The past 4 decades of research have addressed many of the metabolic impairments sufficient to mitigate mortality, however, an enduring secondary mechanism, i.e. neuroinflammation, has been intractable to current therapy. Neuroinflammation is particularly difficult to target with pharmacological agents due to lack of specificity, the blood brain barrier, and an incomplete understanding of the protective and pathologic influences of inflammation in TBI. Recent insights into TBI pathophysiology have established microglial activation as a hallmark of all types of TBI. The inflammatory response to injury is necessary and beneficial while the death of activated microglial is not. This review presents new insights on the therapeutic and maladaptive features of the immune response after TBI with emphasis on microglial polarization, followed by a discussion of potent...
Source: CNS and Neurological Disorders Drug Targets - Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Tags: CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets Source Type: research