Deciphering the impact of diet and host physiology on the mammalian gut microbiome by multi-omics approaches.

Deciphering the impact of diet and host physiology on the mammalian gut microbiome by multi-omics approaches. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2020 Sep 18;: Authors: Milani C, Alessandri G, Mancabelli L, Mangifesta M, Lugli GA, Viappiani A, Longhi G, Anzalone R, Duranti S, Turroni F, Ossiprandi MC, van Sinderen D, Ventura M Abstract In recent years various studies have demonstrated that the gut microbiota influences host metabolism. However, these studies were primarily focused on a single or a limited range of host species, thus preventing a full exploration of possible taxonomic and functional adaptations by gut microbiota members as a result of host-microbe co-evolution events. In the current study, the microbial taxonomic profiles of 250 fecal samples, corresponding to 77 host species that cover the mammalian branch of the tree of life, were reconstructed by 16S rRNA gene-based sequence analysis. Moreover, shotgun metagenomics was employed to investigate the metabolic potential of the fecal microbiomes of 24 mammals and subsequent statistical analyses were performed to assess the impact of host diet and corresponding physiology of the digestive system on gut microbiota composition and functionality. Functional data was confirmed and extended through metatranscriptome assessment of gut microbial populations of eight animals, thus providing insights into the transcriptional response of gut microbiota to specific dietary lifestyles. Therefor...
Source: Applied and Environmental Microbiology - Category: Microbiology Authors: Tags: Appl Environ Microbiol Source Type: research