Anaphylaxis: Recognition and Management.
Anaphylaxis: Recognition and Management.
Am Fam Physician. 2020 Sep 15;102(6):355-362
Authors: Pflipsen MC, Vega Colon KM
Abstract
Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening systemic reaction, normally occurring within one to two hours of exposure to an allergen. The incidence of anaphylaxis in the United States is 2.1 per 1,000 person-years. Most anaphylactic reactions occur outside the hospital setting. Urticaria, difficulty breathing, and mucosal swelling are the most common symptoms of anaphylaxis. The most common triggers are medications, stinging insect venoms, and foods; however, unidentified triggers occur in up to one-fifth of cases. Coexisting asthma, mast cell disorders, older age, underlying cardiovascular disease, peanut and tree nut allergy, and drug-induced reactions are associated with severe or fatal anaphylactic reactions. Clinicians can obtain serum tryptase levels, reflecting mast cell degranulation, when the clinical diagnosis of anaphylaxis is not clear. Acute management of anaphylaxis involves removal of the trigger; early administration of intramuscular epinephrine; supportive care for the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation; and a period of observation for potential biphasic reactions. Only after epinephrine administration should adjunct medications be considered; these include histamine H1 and H2 antagonists, corticosteroids, beta2 agonists, and glucagon. Patients should be monitored for a biphasic reaction ...
Source: American Family Physician - Category: Primary Care Authors: Pflipsen MC, Vega Colon KM Tags: Am Fam Physician Source Type: research
More News: Academies | Allergy | Allergy & Immunology | American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) | Anaphylactic Shock | Asthma | Cardiology | Cardiovascular | Corticosteroid Therapy | Education | Emergency Medicine | Heart | Hives | Hospitals | Peanuts | Primary Care | Universities & Medical Training | USA Health