Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 993: Avian Influenza Viruses Detected in Birds in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review

Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 993: Avian Influenza Viruses Detected in Birds in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review Viruses doi: 10.3390/v12090993 Authors: Annie Kalonda Ngonda Saasa Panji Nkhoma Masahiro Kajihara Hirofumi Sawa Ayato Takada Edgar Simulundu In the recent past, sub-Saharan Africa has not escaped the devastating effects of avian influenza virus (AIV) in poultry and wild birds. This systematic review describes the prevalence, spatiotemporal distribution, and virus subtypes detected in domestic and wild birds for the past two decades (2000–2019). We collected data from three electronic databases, PubMed, SpringerLink electronic journals and African Journals Online, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. A total of 1656 articles were reviewed, from which 68 were selected. An overall prevalence of 3.0% AIV in birds was observed. The prevalence varied between regions and ranged from 1.1% to 7.1%. The Kruskal–Wallis and Wilcoxon signed-rank sum test showed no significant difference in the prevalence of AIV across regions, χ2(3) = 5.237, p = 0.1553 and seasons, T = 820, z = −1.244, p = 0.2136. Nineteen hemagglutinin/neuraminidase subtype combinations were detected during the reviewed period, with southern Africa recording more diverse AIV subtypes than other regions. The most detected subtype was H5N1, followed by H9N2, H5N2, H5N8 and H6N2. Whilst the...
Source: Viruses - Category: Virology Authors: Tags: Review Source Type: research