Case of slowly progressive type 1 diabetes mellitus with drastically reduced insulin secretory capacity after immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma

AbstractWe encountered a 55-year-old Japanese man with advanced renal cell carcinoma and slowly progressive type 1 diabetes mellitus (SPT1DM), whose insulin secretory capacity was drastically reduced for a brief period after only one cycle of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. The patient had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at the age of 53  years and was treated using oral hypoglycemic agents. However, 2 years later, he was diagnosed with SPT1DM and autoimmune thyroiditis, based on the presence of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA) and thyroid autoantibodies, which was accompanied by advanced renal cell carcinoma. At that time, his insulin secretory capacity was preserved (CPR 2.36 ng/mL), and good glycemic control was maintained using only medical nutrition therapy (HbA1c 6.3%). He subsequently developed destructive thyroiditis approximately 2 weeks after the first cycle of ICI treatment using nivolumab (a p rogrammed cell death-1 inhibitor) and ipilimumab (a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 inhibitor) for advanced renal cell carcinoma. Three weeks later, his plasma glucose level markedly increased, and we detected absolute insulin deficiency and hypothyroidism. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) analysis revealed haplotypes indicating susceptibility to type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) or autoimmune thyroiditis (HLA genotype, DRB1-DQB1 *09:01–*03:03/*08:03–*06:01). He showed a good antitumor response and is currently receiving perm...
Source: Diabetology International - Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research