Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes with TP53 Aberrations - a Distinct Stem Cell Disorder.

Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes with TP53 Aberrations - a Distinct Stem Cell Disorder. Clin Cancer Res. 2020 Aug 14;: Authors: Sill H, Zebisch A, Haase D Abstract The tumor suppressor p53 exerts pivotal roles in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) homeostasis. Mutations of the TP53 gene have recently been described in individuals with clonal hematopoieis conferring substantial risk of developing blood cancers. In patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), TP53 aberrations - mutations, deletions and a combination thereof - are encountered at a constant frequency of approximately 10%. These aberrations affect HSCs transforming them into preleukemic stem cells, pinpointing their central role in leukemogenesis. AML and MDS with TP53 aberrations are characterized by complex chromosomal aberrations. Respective patients experience a dismal long-term outcome following treatment with both, intensive and non-intensive regimens including novel agents like venetoclax combinations or even allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, according to the 2016 WHO classification, AML and MDS with TP53 aberrations are still regarded separate disese entities. Based on their common biological and clinical features, we propose to classify AML and MDS with TP53 aberrations as a single, distinct stem cell disorder with a unique genetic make-up, comparable to the WHO classification of "AML wi...
Source: Clinical Cancer Research - Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tags: Clin Cancer Res Source Type: research