Management of Type 2 Diabetes: Current Strategies, Unfocussed Aspects, Challenges and Alternatives

Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for more than 90 percent cases of diabetes in adults. Resistance to insulin action is the major cause that leads to chronic hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. T2DM is the consequence of activations of multiple pathways and factors that are involved in insulin resistance and β-cells dysfunction. Also, the etiology of T2DM involves the complex interplays between genetics and environmental factors. These interplays can be efficiently governed by lifestyle modifications to achieve a better management of diabetes. The present review aims at discussing the major factors inv olved in the development of Type- 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that remain unfocussed while the disease treatment. Moreover, the review focuses on lifestyle modifications that are warranted for the successful management of T2DM. In addition, the present work also attempts to explain flaws in current strategies to combat diabetes. The employability of phytoconstituents as multitargeting molecules and their potential candidature as effective therapeutic adjuvants to first line hypoglycemic agents to prevent side effects caused by the synthetic drugs are also discussed. Furthermore, the review als o focuses on the novel pharmacological approaches for diabetes treatment that can be further explored to achieve better outcomes during anti-diabetic therapy.
Source: Medical Principles and Practice - Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research