Neurocytoskeleton Proteins in Cerebrospinal Fluid of People With HIV-1 Subtypes B and C

The objective was to compare the effect of HIV-1C and HIV-1B subtypes on neurofilament light (NfL) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels and ratios of NfL to tau proteins. Additional comparisons were performed between people with HIV (PWH), participants with Alzheimer disease (AD), and HIV-negative controls (HIV−). We also calculated the diagnostic characteristics of CSF NfL and its ratios in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) diagnosis. Methods: CSF NfL, T-tau, and P-tau181 concentrations were measured using immunoassays in a total of 108 CSF samples, including PWH (n = 68), HIV− (n = 16), and participants with AD (n = 24). These proteins were compared between HIV-1B (n = 27) and HIV-1C (n = 26) using multiple linear regression adjusted for nadir CD4 and plasma viral load suppression. Comparisons between PWH, HIV−, and participants with AD were adjusted for gender and age. Results: CSF neurocytoskeleton proteins and their ratios were comparable in HIV-1B and HIV-1C. However, the HIV-1C group had a higher proportion of samples of CSF NfL above the reference value (n = 14, 53.85%) than the HIV-1B group (n = 8, 29.63%), P = 0.098. The values of CSF NfL were higher in the AD group [2578 (1864; 3500) pg/mL] than those in PWH [683 (500; 1197) pg/mL, P
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Translational Research Source Type: research