Mutations in genes encoding desmosomal proteins: spectrum of cutaneous and extracutaneous abnormalities.

Mutations in genes encoding desmosomal proteins: spectrum of cutaneous and extracutaneous abnormalities. Br J Dermatol. 2020 Jun 27;: Authors: Lee JYW, McGrath JA Abstract The desmosome is a type of intercellular junction found in epithelial cells, cardiomyocytes and other specialised cell types. Composed of a network of transmembranous cadherins and intracellular armadillo, plakin and other proteins, desmosomes contribute to cell-cell adhesion, signalling, development and differentiation. Mutations in genes encoding desmosomal proteins result in a spectrum of erosive skin and mucosal phenotypes that also may affect hair or heart. This review summarises the molecular pathology and phenotypes associated with desmosomal dysfunction with a focus on inherited disorders that involve the skin/hair as well as associated extracutaneous pathologies. We reviewed the relevant literature to collate studies of pathogenic human mutations in desmosomes that have been reported over the last 25 years. Mutations in 12 different desmosome genes have been documented with mutations in 9 genes affecting the skin/mucous membranes (DSG1, DSG3, DSC2, DSC3, JUP, PKP1, DSP, CDSN, PERP) and 8 resulting in hair abnormalities (DSG4, DSC2, DSC3, JUP, PKP1, DSP, CDSN, PERP). Mutations in 3 genes can result in cardio-cutaneous syndromes (DSC2, JUP, DSP) although mutations have been described in 5 genes in inherited heart disorders that may lack any dermatological ma...
Source: The British Journal of Dermatology - Category: Dermatology Authors: Tags: Br J Dermatol Source Type: research