The biology of vascular calcification.

The biology of vascular calcification.
Int Rev Cell Mol Biol. 2020;354:261-353
Authors: Daniela Q, Federica B, Lofaro FD
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC), characterized by different mineral deposits (i.e., carbonate apatite, whitlockite and hydroxyapatite) accumulating in blood vessels and valves, represents a relevant pathological process for the aging population and a life-threatening complication in acquired and in genetic diseases. Similarly to bone remodeling, VC is an actively regulated process in which many cells and molecules play a pivotal role. This review aims at: (i) describing the role of resident and circulating cells, of the extracellular environment and of positive and negative factors in driving the mineralization process; (ii) detailing the types of VC (i.e., intimal, medial and cardiac valve calcification); (iii) analyzing rare genetic diseases underlining the importance of altered pyrophosphate-dependent regulatory mechanisms; (iv) providing therapeutic options and perspectives.
PMID: 32475476 [PubMed - in process]

Source: International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology - June 3, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Daniela Q, Federica B, Lofaro FD Tags: Int Rev Cell Mol Biol Source Type: research