Sequential and timely combination of cancer nanovaccine with immune checkpoint blockade effectively inhibits tumor growth and relapse.

Sequential and timely combination of cancer nanovaccine with immune checkpoint blockade effectively inhibits tumor growth and relapse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2020 May 19;: Authors: Jon S, Kim Y, Kang S, Shin H, Kim T, Yu B, Kim J, Yoo D Abstract Cancer nanovaccines that use nanomaterials as antigens and/or adjuvant-delivering carriers can induce tumor antigen-specific T cell immunity and have shown potential as therapeutic modalities in in vivo animal models. Moreover, the addition of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) immunotherapy to cancer nanovaccines can further potentiate the antitumor efficacy of the latter. However, little effort has been made to develop an optimal treatment regimen based on treatment sequence and the timing of each modality. The present study describes a small lipid nanoparticle (SLNP)-based nanovaccine platform and a new combination treatment regimen. Tumor antigen-displaying, CpG adjuvant-embedded SLNPs (OVAPEP-SLNP@CpG) were prepared from biocompatible phospholipids and a cationic cholesterol derivative. The resulting nanovaccine showed highly potent antitumor efficacy in both prophylactic and therapeutic E.G7 tumor models. However, this vaccine simultaneously induced T cell exhaustion by elevating PD-L1 expression, leading to tumor recurrence. Thus, the nanovaccine was combined with simultaneous anti-PD-1 antibody treatment, but the therapeutic efficacy of this regimen was comparable to that of the nanova...
Source: Angewandte Chemie - Category: Chemistry Authors: Tags: Angew Chem Int Ed Engl Source Type: research