Neuromonitoring Modalities in Pediatric Cardiac Anesthesia: A Review of the Literature

Recent decades have witnessed incredible developments in the care of children with congenital heart disease (CHD), such that survival into adulthood is the expected outcome. Improved survival has shifted the focus from improvements in mortality to improvements in morbidity, with long-term neurologic sequelae among the most important. Children with CHD who undergo corrective procedures in infancy and early childhood have a high rate of neurodevelopmental disability later in childhood. Impaired neurocognition is a result of many factors, including prenatal brain injury; preoperative hemodynamic derangements; exposure to anesthetic drugs; and the abnormal physiological states associated with cardiopulmonary bypass, low-flow perfusion, and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest.
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Tags: Review Article Source Type: research