Role of dynein –dynactin complex, kinesins, motor adaptors, and their phosphorylation in dendritogenesis

One of the characteristic features of different classes of neurons is the shape of their dendritic arbors. To properly develop dendritic trees, neurons need to accurately control the intracellular transport of various cellular cargo which relays on motor proteins. This review focuses on the contribution of the dynein –dynactin complex, kinesins, their adaptors, and the phosphorylation of these proteins in dendritogenesis. We review not only the effects of the motor activity of these proteins in dendrites on dendritogenesis but also lesser‐known aspects of their contribution, for example, dynein‐driven axon al transport or regulation of MT dynamics, polarity, and other motors speed. AbstractOne of the characteristic features of different classes of neurons that is vital for their proper functioning within neuronal networks is the shape of their dendritic arbors. To properly develop dendritic trees, neurons need to accurately control the intracellular transport of various cellular cargo (e.g., mRNA, proteins, and organelles). Microtubules and motor proteins (e.g., dynein and kinesins) that move along microtubule tracks play an essential role in cargo sorting and transport to the most distal ends of neurons. Equally important are motor adaptors, which may affect motor activity and specify cargo that is transported by the motor. Such transport undergoes very dynamic fine ‐tuning in response to changes in the extracellular environment and synaptic transmission. Such regula...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - Category: Neuroscience Authors: Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research