Effect of curcumin on growth, biofilm formation and virulence factor gene expression of Porphyromonas gingivalis

AbstractPorphyromonas gingivalis is a keystone pathogen and major colonizer in host tissue which plays a pivotal role in periodontitis among the other polymicrobial infections. Increasing facts demonstrate that curcumin has antibacterial activity and anti-biofilm effect against the periodontopathogens through diverse mechanisms that have a positive impact on periodontal health. The present study was aimed to elucidate the effect of curcumin on biofilm formation and virulence factor gene expression ofP. gingivalis. By using gene expression studies, we exploited the mechanism of anti-biofilm effects of curcumin onP. gingivalis. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of curcumin for both ATCC and clinical strains ofP. gingivalis were found to be 62.5 and 125  µg ml−1 respectively. Curcumin prevented bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation in a dose-dependent manner. Further, curcumin attenuated the virulence ofP. gingivalis by reducing the expression of genes coding for major virulence factors, including adhesions (fimA, hagA, andhagB) and proteinases (rgpA, rgpB, and kgp). The results indicated that curcumin has shown anti-biofilm as well as antibacterial activity againstP. gingivalis. Further, curcumin because of its pleiotropic actions could be a simple and inexpensive therapeutic strategy in the treatment of periodontal disease.

Source: Odontology - April 10, 2020 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research