Toxoplasmosis-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in an Allogenic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipient

A 34-year-old man with chronic myelogenous leukemia status post allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) on tacrolimus for graft-vs-host disease prophylaxis, presented with a 1-week history of fevers and severe headaches. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated numerous small focal lesions in the left basal ganglia and left temporal lobe with a ring pattern, as well  as a large lesion in the left occipital lobe with mild leptomeningeal enhancement (Figure 1). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis, and Toxoplasma gondii was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Source: Mayo Clinic Proceedings - March 31, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Cristina Corsini, Zerelda Esquer Garrigos, Kirk M. Welker, Matthew J. Thoendel Tags: Medical image Source Type: research