Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: risk factors, causality assessment and potential prevention strategies.

Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: risk factors, causality assessment and potential prevention strategies. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2020 Mar 10;: Authors: Lin CC, Chen CB, Wang CW, Hung SI, Chung WH Abstract Introduction: The clinical manifestations of cutaneous adverse drug reactions are variable with different severity. Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) majorly caused by drugs and mediated by cytotoxic T cells.Areas covered: In this review, we focus on risk factors that contribute to the development of SJS/TEN and review the updated immune mechanism, preventive strategies as well as current therapeutic approaches for SJS/TEN.Expert opinion: SJS/TEN research to date has revealed that cytotoxic T cellsmajorly activated by drugs interacting with the human leukocyte antigen and Tcell receptors play an important role in the immune mechanism of SJS/TEN. Severalclinical assessment tools and in vitro drug-T cells activation tests have beendeveloped to identify the causality of SJS/TEN. New therapeutic approaches andbiologics such as TNF-alpha antagonists have been conducted to improve theprognosis of SJS/TEN. PMID: 32154748 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Expert Review of Clinical Immunology - Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Expert Rev Clin Immunol Source Type: research