Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Associated Mortality in Neonates With Congenital Heart Disease: A Multi-Institutional Study

Objective: There are scarce data about the prevalence and mortality of necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates with congenital heart disease. The purpose of this study is to provide a multi-institutional description and comparison of the overall prevalence and mortality of necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates with congenital heart disease. Design: Retrospective multi-institutional study. Setting: The Pediatric Health Information System database. Patients: Neonates with congenital heart disease between 2004 and 2014. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: The primary study measure is the prevalence of necrotizing enterocolitis. Secondary measures include in-hospital mortality, hospital charges, ICU length of stay, hospital length of stay, and 30-day readmission. The prevalence of necrotizing enterocolitis was 3.7% (1,448/38,770) and varied significantly among different congenital heart disease diagnoses. The lowest prevalence of necrotizing enterocolitis was in transposition of the great arteries (n = 104, 2.1%). Compared with transposition of the great arteries, necrotizing enterocolitis occurred more frequently in neonates with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (odds ratio, 2.7; 95% CI, 2.1–3.3), truncus arteriosus (odds ratio, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.9–3.5), common ventricle (odds ratio, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.5–2.8), and aortic arch obstruction (odds ratio, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1–1.7). Prematurity is a significant risk factor for necrotizing enterocolitis and f...
Source: Pediatric Critical Care Medicine - Category: Pediatrics Tags: Cardiac Intensive Care Source Type: research