The Interrelationship Between Diabetes, IL-17 and Bone Loss

AbstractPurpose of ReviewDiabetes has a detrimental effect on bone, increasing the risk of fracture and formation of osteolytic lesions such as those seen in periodontitis. Several diabetic complications are caused by diabetes-enhanced inflammation. This review examines mechanisms by which IL-17 contributes to diabetes-enhanced periodontitis and other effects of IL-17 on bone.Recent FindingsIL-17 upregulates anti-bacterial defenses, yet its expression is also linked to a destructive host response in the periodontium. Periodontal disease is caused by bacteria that stimulate an inflammatory response. Diabetes-enhanced IL-17 increases gingival inflammation, which alters the composition of the oral microbiota to increase its pathogenicity. In addition, IL-17 can induce osteoclastogenesis by upregulation of TNF and RANKL in a number of cell types, and IL-17 has differential effects on osteoblasts and their progenitors.SummaryIncreased IL-17 production caused by diabetes alters the pathogenicity of the oral microbiota and can promote periodontal bone resorption.
Source: Current Osteoporosis Reports - Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research