Transdermal delivery enhancement of carvacrol from Origanum vulgare L. essential oil by microemulsion

Publication date: Available online 23 January 2020Source: International Journal of PharmaceuticsAuthor(s): Natnaree Laothaweerungsawat, Waranya Neimkhum, Songyot Anuchapreeda, Jakkapan Sirithunyalug, Wantida ChaiyanaAbstractCarvacrol has been reported for analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity by cyclooxygenase inhibition but it could induce gastrointestinal toxicity because of its non-selective inhibition. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop transdermal microemulsion from Origanum vulgare essential oil to deliver carvacrol into and through the skin which would overwhelm the gastrointestinal problems. O. vulgare essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation and its carvacrol content was determined using high performance liquid chromatography. Pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed using water dilution method to investigate the suitable microemulsion components. Microemulsions were then characterized for external appearance, particle size, size distribution, zeta potential, electrical conductivity, refractive index, viscosity, transmittance, pH, and stability. Additionally, the irritation property of microemulsions were investigated by hen’s egg on the chorioallantoic membrane assay. The release profile, percutaneous absorption, and skin retention were investigated using dialysis bag and Franz diffusion cell, respectively. The interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were investigated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The re...
Source: International Journal of Pharmaceutics - Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research