Effects of Intracerebroventricular Glycogen Phosphorylase Inhibitor CP-316,819 Infusion on Hypothalamic Glycogen Content and Metabolic Neuron AMPK Activity and Neurotransmitter Expression in Male Rat

AbstractBrain glycogen is a vital energy source during metabolic imbalance. Metabolic sensory neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMN) shape glucose counter-regulation. Insulin-induced hypoglycemic (IIH) male rats were infused  icv with the glycogen breakdown inhibitor CP-316,819 (CP) to investigate whether glycogen-derived fuel controls basal and/or hypoglycemic patterns of VMN gluco-regulatory neuron energy stability and transmitter signaling. CP caused dose-dependent amplification of basal VMN glycogen content and either mobilization (low dose) or augmentation (high dose) of this depot during IIH. Drug treatment also prevented hypoglycemic diminution of tissue glucose in multiple structures. Low CP dose caused IIH-reversible augmentation of AMPK activity and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) protein levels in laser-microdissected VMN GABA neurons, while the higher dose abolished hypoglycemic adjustments in these profiles. VMN steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) neurons exhibited suppressed (low CP dose) or unchanged (high CP dose) basal SF-1 expression and AMPK refractoriness of hypoglycemia at each dose. CP caused dose-proportionate augmentation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase protein and enhancement (low dose) or diminution (high dose) of this profile during IIH; AMPK activity in these cells was decreased in high dose-pretreated IIH rats. CP exerted dose-dependent effects on basal and hypoglycemic patterns of glucagon, but not corticosterone secretion. Results ver...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research