Possible beneficial effects of xyloglucan from its degradation by gut microbiota

Publication date: Available online 7 January 2020Source: Trends in Food Science & TechnologyAuthor(s): Hong Chen, Xiujuan Jiang, Shanshan Li, Wen Qin, Zhiqing Huang, Yuheng Luo, Hua Li, Dingtao Wu, Qing Zhang, Ye Zhao, Bing Yu, Cheng Li, Daiwen ChenAbstractBackgroundXyloglucan (XyG) is a ubiquitous polysaccharide that possesses hypoglycemic effects, antihyperlipidemia effects, gut barrier protective properties, and positive effects on coronary heart disease. As a nonstarch polysaccharide, XyG cannot be processed directly by enzymes encoded on the human genome. After being ingested, XyG transits the large intestine where it becomes food for the intestinal microbial community. The species within the intestinal microbiota use various strategies to recognize and degrade XyG. However, most current studies focus on the industrial application of XyG. We must examine the beneficial effects of XyG on human health and the roles that the gut microbiota play in XyG degradation.Scope and approachThe current review summarizes the relationship between XyG and intestinal microbiota, including the degradation process of XyG by gut Bacteroidetes and the influence of XyG on the intestinal microbiota. In addition, the possible effects of XyG or its microbial degradation products on human health are presented.Key findings and conclusionsXyG breakdown in the large intestine is mediated by several proteins encoded on XyG utilization loci. Surface glycan-binding proteins and glycan-degrading enzymes...
Source: Trends in Food Science and Technology - Category: Food Science Source Type: research