RLIP controls receptor-ligand signaling by regulating clathrin-dependent endocytosis

Publication date: Available online 2 January 2020Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on CancerAuthor(s): Sharad S. Singhal, Ravi Salgia, Nisan Verma, David Horne, Sanjay AwasthiAbstractRLIP (Ral-interacting protein) is a multifunctional protein that couples ATP hydrolysis with the movement of substances. Its primary function appears to be in the plasma membrane, where it catalyzes the ATP-dependent efflux of glutathione-conjugates (GS-Es), as well as un-metabolized drugs and toxins. In the plasma membrane, its interaction with the clathrin adaptor protein AP2 localizes it to endocytic vesicle, where its GS-E-stimulated ATPase and transport activity are required for clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE). CDE is an essential mechanism for internalizing ligand-receptor complexes that signal proliferation (EGF, insulin, IGF1), apoptosis (TNFα, TRAIL, Fas-L), and differentiation and morphogenesis (TGFβ, WNT, Notch, SHH). Aberrant functioning of these pathways appears crucial for most cancer cells to evade apoptosis, invade surrounding tissues, and metastasize. Internalization of receptor-ligand complexes by CDE begins a sequence of events that can terminate, initiate, or modulate downstream signaling; the consequences of signaling through these downstream pathways may be inherently different in cancer and normal cells, a view supported by numerous basic and clinical observations. In this review, we will discuss the GS-E transport activity of RLIP, which determin...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Reviews on Cancer - Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research