Sinomenine hydrochloride loaded thermosensitive liposomes combined with microwave hyperthermia for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

In this study, a novel thermosensitive liposome loaded with sinomenine hydrochloride (SIN-TSL) was developed by a pH gradient method. The SIN-TSL had a mean particle size of around 100 nm, and an high entrapment efficiency and drug loading capacity. The results also suggested that SIN-TSL had a thermosensitive drug release behaviour, with the drug release rate at 43 °C was much faster than the one at 37 °C. The SIN-TSL could be effectively taken up by lipopolysaccharide-activated HUVECs, without any cytotoxicity was observed. In addition, both in vitro and in vivo studies indicated that the SIN-TSL combined with microwave hyperthermia exhibited superior anti-rheumatoid arthritis effect. Overall, these results suggest that SIN-loaded thermosensitive liposomes combined with microwave hyperthermia could provide an optional strategy for alleviating the clinical symptoms of RA.Graphical abstractAbbreviations: DPPC, dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine; SPC, hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine; SIN, sinomenine hydrochloride; SIN-TSL, SIN-load thermosensitive liposomes; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; Chol, cholesterol
Source: International Journal of Pharmaceutics - Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research