Modulation of transcriptomic profile in aquatic animals: Probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics scenarios

Publication date: Available online 19 December 2019Source: Fish & Shellfish ImmunologyAuthor(s): Mahmoud A.O. Dawood, Haitham G. Abo-Al-Ela, Md Tawheed HasanAbstractAquaculture and fisheries have provided protein sources for human consumption for a long time, but diseases have induced declines in product benefits and raised concerns, resulting in great losses to these industries in many countries. The overuse of antibiotics for the treatment of diseases has increased the chemical concentrations in culture systems and weakened the natural immunity of aquatic organisms. Concerns regarding the detrimental effects of antibiotics on the environment and human health due to residual antibiotic-related issues encourage the development of reliable, environmental and health safety methods, such as vaccines, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and phytobiotics, for protection against disease and for reducing and possibly eliminating disease occurrence. Immunity has been effectively enhanced by pro-, pre-, and synbiotics, which confer strong protection and reduce the risks associated with stressors and disease outbreaks in culture systems. These agents confer several benefits, including enhancing both host growth and immune responses against pathogens, while sustaining health and environmental stability, and their use is thus widely accepted. Alterations in gene expression in individual cells could serve as an indicator of the immunity and growth rate of aquatic animals after pro-, pre- a...
Source: Fish and Shellfish Immunology - Category: Biology Source Type: research