Conformal Coating of Stem Cell-Derived Islets for β Cell Replacement in Type 1 Diabetes

Publication date: Available online 12 December 2019Source: Stem Cell ReportsAuthor(s): Aaron A. Stock, Vita Manzoli, Teresa De Toni, Maria M. Abreu, Yeh-Chuin Poh, Lillian Ye, Adam Roose, Felicia W. Pagliuca, Chris Thanos, Camillo Ricordi, Alice A. TomeiSummaryThe scarcity of donors and need for immunosuppression limit pancreatic islet transplantation to a few patients with labile type 1 diabetes. Transplantation of encapsulated stem cell-derived islets (SC islets) might extend the applicability of islet transplantation to a larger cohort of patients. Transplantation of conformal-coated islets into a confined well-vascularized site allows long-term diabetes reversal in fully MHC-mismatched diabetic mice without immunosuppression. Here, we demonstrated that human SC islets reaggregated from cryopreserved cells display glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in vitro. Importantly, we showed that conformally coated SC islets displayed comparable in vitro function with unencapsulated SC islets, with conformal coating permitting physiological insulin secretion. Transplantation of SC islets into the gonadal fat pad of diabetic NOD-scid mice revealed that both unencapsulated and conformal-coated SC islets could reverse diabetes and maintain human-level euglycemia for more than 80 days. Overall, these results provide support for further evaluation of safety and efficacy of conformal-coated SC islets in larger species.
Source: Stem Cell Reports - Category: Stem Cells Source Type: research