Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1977: The Role of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Pituitary Adenomas Tumorigenesis

Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1977: The Role of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Pituitary Adenomas Tumorigenesis Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11121977 Authors: Sumedh S. Shah Manish K. Aghi Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are among the most common intracranial neoplasms, but despite their histologically benign nature, these tumors sometimes grow large enough to cause symptoms of mass effect such as vision loss, headaches, or hypopituitarism. When they get this large, surgery will unfortunately not be curative and, other than prolactinomas, medical options are limited, and radiation has variable efficacy in controlling growth. Understanding the genetic perturbations, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), that promote the formation or growth of functional and nonfunctional PAs is important because such genetic insights could improve the diagnosis and subsequent classification of PAs as well as unlock potential therapeutic targets outside contemporary standard of care. While there have been great strides in the research of SNPs as drivers of PA formation and maintenance, a comprehensive discussion of these genetic mutations has not been undertaken. In the present article, and with the goal of providing scientists and clinicians a central review, we sought to summarize the current literature on SNPs and their relationship to PA formation. Across multiple tumor types, such as nonfunctioning PAs, prolactinomas, corticotroph adenomas, somatotroph adenomas, thyrotropic adeno...
Source: Cancers - Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tags: Review Source Type: research