Epigenetic Control of Scleroderma: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

AbstractPurpose of ReviewEpigenetics has been implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). In this review, the involvement of the three epigenetic mechanisms in SSc development and progression —DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs—will be discussed.Recent FindingsAlteration in epigenetics was observed in immune cells, dermal fibroblasts, and endothelial cells derived from SSc patients. Genes that are affected include those involved in immune cell function and differentiation, TGF β and Wnt pathways, extracellular matrix accumulation, transcription factors, and angiogenesis. All the studies remain in the pre-clinical stage.SummaryExtensive research provides evidence that epigenetic alterations are critical for SSc pathogenesis. Future epigenomic studies will undoubtedly continue to broaden our understanding of disease pathogenesis and clinical heterogeneity. They will also provide the scientific basis for repurposing epigenetic-modifying agents for SSc patients.
Source: Current Rheumatology Reports - Category: Rheumatology Source Type: research