Visualizing the Pharmacologic Preconditioning Effect of Botulinum Toxin Type A by Infrared Thermography in a Rat Pedicled Perforator Island Flap Model

Conclusions:
Botulinum toxin type A can convert choke anastomoses into true anastomoses, and its preconditioning effect cannot increase over time; it is appropriate to choose the timing point when the infrared thermal images show a continuous white band existing over flaps for flap transfer.

Source: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - November 27, 2019 Category: Cosmetic Surgery Tags: Experimental Source Type: research