Salvage Therapy for Non –muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)-refractory high-grade non –muscle-invasive bladder cancer remains a challenging problem. Radical cystectomy is standard of care, but carries significant morbidity. Therefore, there is a need for effective treatments. Previous salvage intravesical therapies have had disappointing results with long-term follow-up; however, a wide array of novel agents is currently under investigation. These include novel combinations of existing intravesical agents, novel modes of delivery such as hyperthermia, viral mediated therapies, and immunotherapy. We review the need for novel treatment with existing agents and their long-term r esults, and discuss novel intravesical therapies and the data currently available on these therapies.
Source: Urologic Clinics of North America - Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Source Type: research