# A hybrid (iron –fat–water) phantom for liver iron overload quantification in the presence of contaminating fat using magnetic resonance imaging

This study proposes a phantom design concomitantly containing various concentrations of iron and fat suitable for devising accurate simultaneousT2* and fat quantification technique.Materials and methodsA 46-vial iron –fat–water phantom with various iron concentrations covering clinically relevantT2* relaxation time values, from healthy to severely overloaded liver and wide fat percentages ranges from 0 to 100% was prepared. The phantom was constructed using insoluble iron (II, III) oxide powder containing microscale particles.T2*-weighted imaging using multi-gradient-echo (mGRE) sequence, and chemical shift imaging spin-echo (CSI-SE) Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) data were considered for the analysis.T2* relaxation times and fat fractions were extracted from the MR signals to explore the effects of fat and iron overload.ResultsSize distribution of iron oxide particles for Magnetite fits with a lognormal function with a mean size of about 1.17  µm. Comparison of FF color maps, estimated from bi- and mono-exponential model indicated that single-T2* fitting model resulted in lower NRMSD. Therefore,T2* values from the mono-exponential signal equation were used and expressed the relationship between relaxation time value across all iron (Fe) and fat concentration as$${\text{Fe}} = - 28.02 + \frac{302.84}{{T2^{*} }} - 0.045\,{\text{FF}}$$, with R-squared  = 0.89.DiscussionThe proposed phantom design with microsphere iron particles closel...
Source: Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine - Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

We report the case of a 58-year-old man with a history of end-stage renal disease of unknown etiology who had undergone right renal transplantation 11 years before. After the transplant, the patient soon developed bilateral progressive swelling involving feet and legs. The symptoms of the left limb improved markedly after discontinuing everolimus. This condition has been classified as everolimus-induced lymphedema. The patient was referred to our department for the execution of a noncontrast magnetic resonance lymphangiography, that is, a noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging technique that has recently proposed for the s...
Source: Annals of Plastic Surgery - Category: Cosmetic Surgery Tags: Transplantation Surgery and Research Source Type: research
This study aimed to investigate the mRNA expression of CD36 in anthropometric measures of adipose tissue and defining its value in predicting prognosis in ccRCC patients.Methods: Real-Time qPCR gene expression analysis was detected from 367 paired ccRCC and adjacent normal tissues. Distributions of categorical clinical-pathological data together with levels of CD36 expression were compared with χ2-test in a contingency table. Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and identified at the level of the umbilicus. Pearson's correlation coefficien...
Source: Journal of Cancer - Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research
Conclusions: Both WBRT and SRS are appropriate for the treatment of BM in patients with ALK-rearranged NSCLC. The incidence of BM in the hippocampus and peri-hippocampus region is low in our radiological data. Nearly 80% of patients with metachronous BM have oligo-metastatic lesions, indicating that SRS is the preferred therapy while PCI is not indicated.
Source: Journal of Cancer - Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research
Conclusions: In conclusion, MDT discussion increased the accuracy of MRI in preoperative staging diagnosis for rectal cancer. This mode could give a more accurate clinical stage of patients, which was in favor of choosing a preferable therapy strategy.
Source: Journal of Cancer - Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research
This study investigated the effects of early moderate prenatal ethanol exposure (PEE) on the brain in a mouse model that mimics a scenario in humans, whereby moderate daily drinking ceases after a woman becomes aware of her pregnancy.MethodsC57BL/6 J pregnant mice were given 10% v/v ethanol from gestational day 0–8 in the drinking water. The male offspring were used for imaging. Anatomical and diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging were performed in vivo at postnatal day 28 (P28, adolescence) and P80 (adulthood). Micro-Computed Tomography was performed on fixed whole heads at P80. Tensor-based morphometry (TBM) was a...
Source: Neurotoxicology and Teratology - Category: Toxicology Source Type: research
Authors: Yin S, Jin CX, Zhang DP, Peng YF Abstract We aimed to present a case of symmetrical Wallerian degeneration (WD) in the middle cerebellar peduncles (MCPs) after a unilateral paramedian pontine infarction, which was examined by multimodality magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In addition, we summarize the small number of reported cases. In our clinic, we observed a case of symmetrical WD of bilateral MCPs that occurred 6 months after the onset of a pontine infarction. We searched the Wanfang (Chinese) and PubMed databases and found 23 reported cases of this condition with characteristic similar to our patient...
Source: Saudi Medical Journal - Category: Middle East Health Tags: Saudi Med J Source Type: research
Structural and functional brain alterations are common in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). In this review, we assessed the recent literature (1995-2018) on the structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of MDD. Despite...
Source: SafetyLit - Category: International Medicine & Public Health Tags: Commentary Source Type: news
This article gives an overview of the current results of PET with radiolabelled amino acids in therapy monitoring of standard therapy as well as various innovative approaches in the treatment of patients with cerebral gliomas.Expert opinion: Amino acid PET has proven to be helpful in therapy monitoring of gliomas, the costs are low in relation to the costs of therapy and the clinical benefit, and a widespread clinical use is highly desirable. PMID: 31829748 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics - Category: Neurology Tags: Expert Rev Neurother Source Type: research
Authors: Ashrafi MR, Amanat M, Garshasbi M, Kameli R, Nilipour Y, Heidari M, Rezaei Z, Tavasoli AR Abstract Introduction: Leukodystrophies constitute heterogenous group of rare heritable disorders primarily affecting the white matter of central nervous system. These conditions are often under-appreciated among physicians. The first clinical manifestations of leukodystrophies are often nonspecific and can occur in different ages from neonatal to late adulthood periods. The diagnosis is, therefore, challenging in most cases.Area covered: Herein, the authors discuss different aspects of leukodystrophies. The authors used...
Source: Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics - Category: Neurology Tags: Expert Rev Neurother Source Type: research
We report a young 22-year-old female with unknown etiology of a pseudoaneurysm, who was previously managed as a psychiatric case and for musculoskeletal pain. On subsequent investigation and confirmation with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, aneurysmectomy was done. This is a rare case in a young 22-year-old woman with a ventricular pseudoaneurysm of unknown etiology. Considering the high risk for rupture of a ventricular pseudoaneurysm, surgical resection was mandatory with no complications intra- and postprocedure.
Source: Journal of the Saudi Heart Association - Category: Cardiology Source Type: research