Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1677: Models for Understanding Resistance to Chemotherapy in Liver Cancer
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1677: Models for Understanding Resistance to Chemotherapy in Liver Cancer
Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11111677
Authors:
Jose J. G. Marin
Elisa Herraez
Elisa Lozano
Rocio I. R. Macias
Oscar Briz
The lack of response to pharmacological treatment constitutes a substantial limitation in the handling of patients with primary liver cancers (PLCs). The existence of active mechanisms of chemoresistance (MOCs) in hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and hepatoblastoma hampers the usefulness of chemotherapy. A better understanding of MOCs is needed to develop strategies able to overcome drug refractoriness in PLCs. With this aim, several experimental models are commonly used. These include in vitro cell-free assays using subcellular systems; studies with primary cell cultures; cancer cell lines or heterologous expression systems; multicellular models, such as spheroids and organoids; and a variety of in vivo models in rodents, such as subcutaneous and orthotopic tumor xenografts or chemically or genetically induced liver carcinogenesis. Novel methods to perform programmed genomic edition and more efficient techniques to isolate circulating microvesicles offer new opportunities for establishing useful experimental tools for understanding the resistance to chemotherapy in PLCs. In the present review, using three criteria for information organization: (1) level of research; (2) type of MOC; and (3) type of PLC, we have summarized the advant...
Source: Cancers - Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jose J. G. Marin Elisa Herraez Elisa Lozano Rocio I. R. Macias Oscar Briz Tags: Review Source Type: research
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