Pediatric urolithiasis.

Pediatric urolithiasis. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2019 Sep-Oct;33(5 Suppl. 1):39-44 Authors: special issue: “Focus on pediatric nephrology”, Chimenz R, Cannavò L, Viola V, Di Benedetto V, Scuderi MG, Pensabene L, Salvo V, D'Angelo G, Stroscio G, Impollonia D, Concolino D, Fede C, Alibrandi A, Cuppari C Abstract Urolithiasis is a well-known condition that can affect any part of the urinary tract. With a rate of 3-5% the incidence of upper urinary tract for long has been higher in adults (1-3), but recently it has increased among children reaching 3,3% . Indeed, more than 1% of all urinary stones are seen in patients aged less than 18 years (4). Pediatric urolithiasis is endemic in Turkey and Far East and it is probably due to malnutrition and racial factors (5). The spontaneous stone passage is more likely in children than in adults, indeed ureteral calculi spontaneously pass into 41-63% of children (1). Rate of stone passage depends on size and stone location in the urinary system. Stones sized less than 5 mm have a passage rate ranging from 40% to 98%, whilst stones > 5 mm have between 55% and 50% (6). In the last decade, the use of alpha blockers has proven well efficacious in helping spontaneous passage of distal ureteric stones in adults (7-9). The latest EAU guidelines support their use in adults while remain vague about their use in children because of unclear safety and efficacy (4). In search of evidence supporting...
Source: Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents - Category: Biomedical Science Tags: J Biol Regul Homeost Agents Source Type: research