The individual and combined effects of alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking on site-specific cancer risk in a prospective cohort of 26,607 adults: results from Alberta ’s Tomorrow Project

ConclusionsAlcohol consumption was minimally associated with all-cancer risk. Cigarette smoking clearly increased all-cancer risk, with females being more affected than males. Combined use of alcohol and tobacco increased the risk of developing all, colon, and prostate cancers. A “U-shaped” multiplicative interaction was observed for breast cancer when alcohol and tobacco were used in combination.
Source: Cancer Causes and Control - Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research