Molecular regulation of human skeletal muscle protein synthesis in response to exercise and nutrients: a compass for overcoming age-related anabolic resistance.

MOLECULAR REGULATION OF HUMAN SKELETAL MUSCLE PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN RESPONSE TO EXERCISE AND NUTRIENTS: A COMPASS FOR OVERCOMING AGE-RELATED ANABOLIC RESISTANCE. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2019 Aug 28;: Authors: Hodson N, West DWD, Philp A, Burd NA, Moore DR Abstract Skeletal muscle mass, a strong predictor of longevity and health in humans, is determined by the balance of two cellular processes, muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and muscle protein breakdown (MPB). Of these two, MPS seems to be particularly sensitive to changes in mechanical load and/or nutritional status, and therefore much research has focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms which underpin this cellular process. Furthermore, older individuals display an attenuated MPS response to anabolic stimuli, termed anabolic resistance, which has a negative impact on muscle mass, function and quality of life. Therefore, understanding which, if any, molecular mechanisms contribute to anabolic resistance of MPS is of vital importance so therapeutic interventions can be formulated for such populations. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the mechanisms which underpin MPS, which are broadly split into mTORC1-dependent, mTORC1-independent and ribosomal biogenesis related, and describes the evidence as to how they are regulated by anabolic stimuli (exercise and/or nutrition) in healthy human skeletal muscle. Moreover, this review also summarizes evidence regarding ...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - Category: Cytology Authors: Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research