Orexin and Insomnia

If Valium makes you groggy, and Ambien makes you sleepwalk… A compound that blocks a brain receptor you probably have never heard of may hold the key to the next generation of sleeping pills—and there is always a next generation of sleeping pills. A new class of hypnotic compounds that serve as antagonists for the neurotransmitter orexin may combat insomnia without the “confusional arousals” that have come to plague some users of zolpidem, otherwise known as Ambien. Sleepwalking, sleep driving, and sleep sex are common among the reports. Orexin is involved in central nervous system arousal. So-called DORAs, or dual orexin receptor antagonists, discovered in 1998, are being seen as potential therapies for insomnia, without the daytime drowsiness and rebound insomnia typical of existing treatments. The sleep disorder narcolepsy, which is in many ways the exact opposite of insomnia, is caused by “an autoimmune attack against neurons that express orexin,” according to Emmanuel Mignot of Stanford’s Center for Sleep Sciences, in an article for Science magazine.  If these drugs are already being thought of as potential insomnia therapies, their addiction potential will have to be much lower than that of earlier generations of sleep medications. But that just might be the case, since DORA-style drugs don’t appear to promote sleep by inhibiting brain activity through neurotransmitter systems for GABA, as most existing treatments do. A study last month in Sc...
Source: Addiction Inbox - Category: Addiction Authors: Source Type: blogs