Vehicular Particulate Matter (PM) Characteristics Impact Vascular Outcomes Following Inhalation.

Vehicular Particulate Matter (PM) Characteristics Impact Vascular Outcomes Following Inhalation. Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2019 Aug 13;: Authors: Zychowski KE, Tyler CRS, Sanchez B, Harmon M, Liu J, Irshad H, McDonald JD, Bleske BE, Campen MJ Abstract Roadside proximity and exposure to mixed vehicular emissions (MVE) have been linked to adverse pulmonary and vascular outcomes. However, because of the complex nature of the contribution of particulate matter (PM) versus gases, it is difficult to decipher the precise causative factors regarding PM and the copollutant gaseous fraction. To this end, C57BL/6 and apolipoprotein E knockout mice (ApoE-/-) were exposed to either filtered air (FA), fine particulate (FP), FP+gases (FP+G), ultrafine particulate (UFP), or UFP+gases (UFP+G). Two different timeframes were employed: 1-day (acute) or 30-day (subchronic) exposures. Examined biological endpoints included aortic vasoreactivity, aortic lesion quantification, and aortic mRNA expression. Impairments in vasorelaxation were observed following acute exposure to FP+G in C57BL/6 animals and FP, UFP, and UFP+G in ApoE-/- animals. These effects were completely abrogated or markedly reduced following subchronic exposure. Aortic lesion quantification in ApoE-/- animals indicated a significant increase in atheroma size in the UFP-, FP-, and FP+G-exposed groups. Additionally, ApoE-/- mice demonstrated a significant fold increase in TNFα expression followin...
Source: Cardiovascular Toxicology - Category: Cardiology Authors: Tags: Cardiovasc Toxicol Source Type: research