Systematic Review of Hypertension and Diabetes Burden, Risk Factors, and Interventions for Prevention and Control in Malawi: The NCD BRITE Consortium

Publication date: June 2019Source: Global Heart, Volume 14, Issue 2Author(s): Alemayehu Amberbir, Sabrina H. Lin, Joshua Berman, Adamson Muula, Darren Jacoby, Emily Wroe, Cecilia Maliwichi-Nyirenda, Victor Mwapasa, Amelia Crampin, Martha Makwero, Emmanuel Singogo, Sam Phiri, Stephen Gordon, Sheldon W. Tobe, Jones Masiye, Brad Newsome, Mina Hosseinipour, Moffat J. Nyirenda, Joep J. van OosterhoutAbstractRecent studies have found an increasing burden of noncommunicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa. A compressive search of PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and the World Health Organization Global Health Library databases was undertaken to identify studies reporting on the prevalence, risk factors, and interventions for hypertension and diabetes in Malawi. The findings from 23 included studies revealed a high burden of hypertension and diabetes in Malawi, with estimates ranging from 15.8% to 32.9% and from 2.4% to 5.6%, respectively. Associated risk factors included old age, tobacco smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, physical inactivity, high salt and sugar intake, low fruit and vegetable intake, high body mass index, and high waist-to-hip ratio. Certain antiretroviral therapy regimens were also associated with increased diabetes and hypertension risk in human immunodeficiency virus patient populations. Nationwide, the quality of clinical care was generally limited and demonstrated a need for innovative and targeted interventions to prevent, control, and treat noncommunica...
Source: Global Heart - Category: Cardiology Source Type: research