Intracellular and Plasma Membrane Cholesterol Labeling and Quantification Using Filipin and GFP-D4.

Intracellular and Plasma Membrane Cholesterol Labeling and Quantification Using Filipin and GFP-D4. Methods Mol Biol. 2019;1949:137-152 Authors: Wilhelm LP, Voilquin L, Kobayashi T, Tomasetto C, Alpy F Abstract Cholesterol, a major component of biological membranes, is rapidly trafficked and unevenly distributed between organelles. Anomalies of intracellular cholesterol distribution are the hallmark of a number of lysosomal lipid storage disorders. A major methodological obstacle for studying cholesterol trafficking is tracing this molecule in situ. The use of fluorescent probes that specifically bind cholesterol allows the visualization and imaging of cellular cholesterol. Here, we describe a series of assays optimized for quantifying free cholesterol in cell populations and at the single cell level, both at the plasma membrane and inside cells. These methods use two fluorescent probes: the D4 fragment of perfringolysin O fused to GFP (GFP-D4) and the polyene macrolide filipin. First, we report a robust method for quantifying plasma membrane cholesterol by flow cytometry using the GFP-D4 probe. Second, to optically distinguish and quantify intracellular cholesterol accumulation, we have adapted the classical filipin cholesterol staining protocol. Indeed, we observed that treatment of living cells with methyl-β-cyclodextrin, a chemical known to extract cholesterol from the plasma membrane, improves the visualization of the intracell...
Source: Mol Biol Cell - Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Tags: Methods Mol Biol Source Type: research