Paradigms in Fluorescence Molecular Imaging: Maximizing Measurement of Biological Changes in Disease, Therapeutic Efficacy, and Toxicology/Safety

AbstractFluorescence molecular imaging (MI) is an important concept in preclinical research that focuses on the visualization of cellular and biological function in a non-invasive fashion to better understandin vivo disease processes and treatment effects. MI differs fundamentally from traditional preclinical imaging strategies in that it generally relies on reporter probes specific for particular targets or pathways that can be used to reveal biological changesin situ, at the site(s) of disease. In contrast, the more established imaging modalities, like magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray, micro X-ray computed tomography, and ultrasound, historically have relied primarily on late-stage anatomical or physiologic changes. The practical application of fluorescence MI, however, has drifted somewhat from the emphasis on quantifying biology, and based on the publication record, it now appears to include any imaging in which a probe or contrast agent is used to non-invasively acquirein vivo endpoint information. Unfortunately, the mere use of a defined biologically specific probe, in the absence of careful study design, does not guarantee that any useful biological information is actually gained, although often useful endpoint results still can be achieved. This review proposes to add subcategories of MI, termed MI biological assessment (or MIBA), that emphasize a focus on obtaining early and clear biological changes associated with disease development, therapeutic efficacy, and drug...

Source: Molecular Imaging and Biology - July 9, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research