Mechano-Immunomodulation: Mechanoresponsive Changes in Macrophage Activity and Polarization.

Mechano-Immunomodulation: Mechanoresponsive Changes in Macrophage Activity and Polarization. Ann Biomed Eng. 2019 Jun 19;: Authors: Adams S, Wuescher LM, Worth R, Yildirim-Ayan E Abstract In recent years, biomaterial- and scaffold-based immunomodulation strategies were implemented in tissue regeneration efforts for manipulating macrophage polarization (a.k.a. phenotype or lineage commitment, or differentiation). Yet, most of our understanding of macrophage phenotype commitment and phagocytic capacity is limited to how physical cues (extracellular matrix stiffness, roughness, and topography) and soluble chemical cues (cytokines and chemokines released from the scaffold) influence macrophage polarization. In the context of immune response-tissue interaction, the mechanical cues experienced by the residing cells within the tissue also play a critical role in macrophage polarization and inflammatory response. However, there is no compiled study discussing the effect of the dynamic mechanical environment around the tissues on macrophage polarization and the innate immune response. The aim of this comprehensive review paper is 2-fold; (a) to highlight the importance of mechanical cues on macrophage lineage commitment and function and (b) to summarize the important studies dedicated to understand how macrophage polarization changes with different mechanical loading modalities. For the first time, this review paper compiles and compartmental...
Source: Annals of Biomedical Engineering - Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Tags: Ann Biomed Eng Source Type: research